Henbane is a highly toxic plant in the nightshade family with greenish yellow leaves. One of the most popular uses of Henbane is in Flying Ointmen, which helps improve the capabilities of magical athletes' broomsticks, and even enables temporary broomless flight. Henbane is also a hallucinogen and is used in many curses and hexes. Henbane is associated with the dark side of the Moon and the element Fire.
天仙子是茄科植物中的一种剧毒植物,叶子呈黄绿色。 天仙子最流行的用途之一是制作飞行药膏,它有助于提高魁地奇运动员扫帚的能力,甚至可以实现短时内无扫帚飞行。天仙子也是一种致幻剂,用于许多咒语和咒语中。
天仙子与月亮的阴暗面和火元素有关。
Henbane,天仙子,也叫 Hyoscyamus niger、black henbane、stinking nightshade,属Hyoscyamus niger L. 茄科。天仙子有多个品种,有的为一年生植物,有的为两年生植物,枝干略有粘性,高度不一,有程度不一的臭味。天仙子的叶柔软,不规则,有锯齿,花呈淡黄色,花冠绽放,有紫色叶脉,种子呈蚕豆状。
The leaves, the seeds and the juice, when taken internally cause an unquiet sleep, like unto the sleep of drunkenness, which continueth long and is deadly to the patient. To wash the feet in a decoction of Henbane, as also the often smelling of the flowers causeth sleep.
(天仙子的)叶子、种子和果汁在内服时会让人陷入不安定的睡眠中,就像醉酒一样,并且会持续很长时间,这对病人来说是致命的。此外,用Henbane浸泡过的水洗脚,或经常闻到该花的气味,也会导致陷入沉睡。
(谁没事用这玩意儿洗脚啊?)
此外,杰拉尔德还提及了其在牙齿治疗中的效用:
Drawers of teeth who run about the country and pretend they cause worms to come forth from the teeth by burning the seed in a chafing dish of coals, the party holding his mouth over the fume thereof, do have some crafty companions who convey small lute strings into the water, persuading the patient that these little creepers came out of his mouth, or other parts which it was intended to ease.
在乡间四处奔跑的牙齿拔除者,他们假装通过在炭火盛器中燃烧草药种子,使蠕虫从牙齿中钻出来,而患者则将嘴巴放在烟气上方,他们有一些狡猾的伙伴会把小琵琶弦细线放入水中,使患者相信这些小蠕虫是从他的口腔或其他需要缓解的部位钻出来的。
(实不相瞒我真的以为蛀牙是有虫子,相信了好多好多年…)
I wonder how astrologers could take on them to make this an herb of Jupiter❹: and yet Mizaldus, a man of penetrating brain, was of that opinion as well as the rest: the herb is indeed under the dominion of Saturn and I prove it by this argument: All the herbs which delight most to grow in saturnine places are saturnine herbs. Both Henbane delights most to grow in saturnine places, and whole cart loads of it may be found near the places where they empty the common Jakes, and scarce a ditch to be found without it growing by it. Ergo, it is a herb of Saturn.
The leaves of Henbane do cool all hot inflammations in the eyes.... It also assuages the pain of the gout, the sciatica, and other pains in the joints which arise from a hot cause. And applied with vinegar to the forehead and temples, helps the headache and want of sleep in hot fevers.... The oil of the seed is helpful for deafness, noise and worms in the ears, being dropped therein; the juice of the herb or root doth the same. The decoction of the herb or seed, or both, kills lice in man or beast.
The fume of the dried herb stalks and seeds, burned, quickly heals swellings, chilblains or kibes in the hands or feet, by holding them in the fume thereof.
The remedy to help those that have taken Henbane is to drink goat's milk, honeyed water, or pine kernels, with sweet wine; or, in the absence of these, Fennel seed, Nettle seed, the seed of Cresses, Mustard or Radish; as also Onions or Garlic taken in wine, do all help to free them from danger and restore them to their due temper again.
Take notice, that this herb must never be taken inwardly; outwardly, an oil, ointment, or plaister of it is most admirable for the gout . . . to stop the toothache, applied to the aching side....
我想知道占星家们是如何将这个草药与木星联系起来的。然而,聪明的米扎尔德斯和其他人都持有这个观点:该草药确实受土星的统治。
我通过以下论据证明:所有最喜欢在土星之地生长的草药都是土星属性的草药。
天仙子最喜欢在土星之地生长,而且在排污处附近常常能找到大量的天仙子,几乎找不到哪个沟渠旁边没有它生长。因此,它是土星的草药。
天仙子的叶子能够缓解眼部的炎症……它还能舒缓痛风、坐骨神经痛和其他由热原因引起的关节疼痛。将其与醋一起涂抹于前额和太阳穴,能够缓解热烈发作时的头痛和失眠……种子油对耳聋、耳鸣和耳朵里的虫子有帮助;草药或根茎的汁液也具有同样的效果。草药或种子的煎剂能够消灭人或兽体上的虱子。
将干燥的草茎和种子燃烧后产生的烟雾能够迅速治愈手部或脚部的肿胀、冻伤或糜烂,只需将其暴露在烟雾中即可。
解救服用天仙子的人的方法是饮用羊奶、蜜糖水或松子与甜酒混合;如果没有这些,茴香籽、荨麻籽、水芹菜籽、芥末籽或萝卜籽,以及洋葱或大蒜加入葡萄酒中,都有助于解救他们免于危险并恢复他们的正常状态。
请注意,这种草药永远不应内服;外用的草药油、膏剂或贴剂对于治疗痛风……止痛,贴在疼痛的一侧是非常有效的。
❶ 圣希尔德加德·冯·宾根(德语:Hildegard von Bingen,拉丁文:Hildegardis Bingensis,1098年-1179年9月17日),中世纪德国神学家、作曲家及作家。天主教圣人、教会圣师。她担任女修道院长、修院领袖,同时也是个哲学家、科学家、医师、语言学家、社会活动家及博物学家
❷ 约翰·杰拉尔德(John Gerard),1545—1612,英国草药学家。于1597年出版长达1484页带插图的《草药书,或植物通志》(Herball, or General Historie of Plantes)是17世纪最主要的英语植物学著作。该书一般认为是杰拉尔德剽窃之作,不过由于篇幅庞大、图像精美,仍然十分流行。(这位也是多次出现在本专栏考据文章中的一位植物学家了,相信很多人都或多或少觉得这名字有点眼熟了)
Upon my secure hour thy uncle stole,
With juice of cursed hebenon in a vial,
And in the porches of my ears did pour
The leperous distilment; whose effect
Holds such an enmity with blood of man
That, swift as quicksilver, it courses through
The natural gates and alleys of the body;
And with a sudden vigour it doth posset
And curd, like eager droppings into milk,
The thin and wholesome blood; so did it mine;
And a most instanttetterbark'd about,
Most lazar-like, with vile and loathsome crust
All my smooth body.
Thus was I, sleeping, by a brother's hand,
Of life, of crown, of queen, at once dispatch'd:
—Ghost (King Hamlet, Hamlet's Father) spoken to Hamlet
[Act I, scene 5]
节选自哈姆雷特原文,作者文学翻译能力一般在此就不献丑了,大意是哈姆雷特的父亲以幽灵的姿态告诉哈姆雷特,自己的耳朵里被哈姆雷特恶毒的叔叔灌入了剧毒的毒药hebenon
Henbane(天仙子)对人体产生的激怒效果,可以达到从普通愤怒到暴怒好斗的各个程度,这取决于剂量和个人的情况。
This anger effect can range from agitation to full-blown rage and combativeness depending on the dosage and the individual's mental set,
由于这可能是狂战士状态最具决定性的组成部分,因此这种症状对于确定潜在原因至关重要,并提供了一个非常关键的原因,也说明了为什么天仙子比毒蝇鹅膏更适合狂战士的理论麻醉剂。
As this is perhaps the most defining component of the berserker state, this symptom is of central importance in identifying the potential causes and provides a very critical reason as to why H. niger is a more appropriate theoretical intoxicant for the berserkers than A. muscaria.
魔鬼使用很多药材来扰乱它的奴仆们的心结,下文列举的是其中常用者。这些药材不会让人陷入沉睡,甚至丝毫无法让人产生困倦,不过它们会在人们清醒或睡梦时造成多种幻象,扰乱心绪、产生错觉。具有这种功能的药材有颠茄根、蝙蝠血、戴胜鸟的血、乌头、天山泽芹、睡茄、烟灰、委陵菜、菖蒲、欧芹、杨树叶、鸦片、天仙子……
——让·德·尼诺(Jean de Nynauld)《巫师的狼人妄想、变形和灵魂出窍》(1615)❶
❶ 让·德·尼诺(Jean de Nynauld) ,同让·德·尼诺尔德,法国医生。他在1615年撰写了一部关于狼人学的重要著作,名为《巫师的狼人妄想、变形和灵魂出窍》(De la lycanthropie, transformation et extase des sorciers (On lycanthropy, transformation and ecstasy of witches)),(这本书中译版本不一,以英文原文为主更方便检索)。尼诺医生认为狼人癖是一种精神疾病,而并非所谓的魔法形式。
❶ 这部分资料源自利昂内尔·伊纳尔的《巫术植物》,关于《苏格拉底的魔鬼》这一本书目前没有查到相关资料,不过可以查到一些特洛佛尼乌(Trophonius)秘仪相关的知识。特洛佛尼乌(Trophonius)是古希腊神话传说中的一位英雄,有传言说他真正的父亲是阿波罗。他的名字来自τρέφω trepho,为“滋养”的意思。据称,他在德尔菲的神谕指引下建造了阿波罗神庙。特洛佛尼乌(Trophonius)有相当多的崇拜者,与其相关的秘密仪式通常是在山洞中举行,按《高等魔法的学说与仪式》(The DOCTRINE and RITUALof HIGH MAGIC):
The witches drank the decoction of henbane and had those dreams for which they were tortured and executed. It was also used for witches’ ointments and was used for making weather and conjuring spirits.
If there were a great drought then a stalk of henbane would be dipped into a spring, then the sun-baked sand would be sprinkled with this.
(Perger 1864, 181)❷.
女巫们喝了天仙子熬制的魔药(汤)后,会做关于处决和酷刑的噩梦。此外,天仙子还经常被用于制作女巫药膏,并用于改变天气或召唤特殊的灵体。
如果遇到干旱时节,则需要将一根Henbane(天仙子)的茎放入泉水中,然后将水洒在干旱的沙土上。
(Perger 1864,181)
Here I sow wild seed, and the devil advised that they would hate and avoid each other until these seeds had been separated"
(Marzell 1922, 169)
我在这里播撒种子,魔鬼会让他们彼此憎恶,直至种子与他们剥离。
Rossell Hope Robbins的《巫术与恶魔学百科全书》(The Encyclopedia Of Witchcraft & Demonology)中提及:
In 1560 Giambattista Porta related how a supposed witch promised to bring him information from a distant town. She shut herself in a room, and Porta, peeping through a chink, saw her disrobe, rub herself with ointment, and pass into a trance. He entered the room, tried to rouse her, and finally beat her black and blue, all the time without waking her. Later, the witch told of traveling over seas and mountains and of other impossibilities. Even when shown her bruises, the woman still maintained she had actually flown.
1560 年,詹巴蒂斯塔·波塔 (Giambattista Porta) 讲述了一位所谓的女巫如何承诺从一个遥远的城镇给他带来信息。她把自己关在一个房间里,波塔从缝隙里偷看,看到她脱掉衣服,涂上药膏,然后进入了恍惚状态。他进了房间,试图叫醒她,最后却把她打得鼻青脸肿,一直没有吵醒她。后来,女巫讲述了跨越海洋和山脉以及其他不可能的事情。即使看到她的瘀伤,这名女子仍然坚称她实际上已经飞过。
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